Short answer: Before anything else, look for a GFCI outlet that has tripped. One GFCI (with TEST and RESET buttons) can protect other outlets downstream, often in a bathroom, kitchen, garage, basement or outside, so the dead outlet may be fed by a GFCI in another room. Also check whether the outlet is controlled by a wall switch. If neither fixes it, or you see heat, scorch marks or buzzing, call an electrician.
Quick diagnosis
| What you notice | Most likely cause | What to check | Call a pro? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dead outlet in bathroom, kitchen, garage, outside | Tripped GFCI upstream | Press RESET on nearby GFCI outlets | If none resets |
| Dead outlet, lamp works on a switch | Switched outlet | Flip wall switches | No |
| Several outlets in one area dead | Tripped breaker or GFCI breaker | Check the panel for a handle in the middle | If it trips again |
| Outlet warm, buzzing or scorched | Loose connection or damaged outlet | Stop using it | Yes |
| Works only if you wiggle the plug | Worn receptacle | Try another device | Yes, replace the outlet |
Find the tripped GFCI
The National Electrical Code requires GFCI protection in kitchens, bathrooms, garages, basements, crawlspaces and outdoors, according to the Electrical Safety Foundation International (ESFI). A single GFCI outlet can protect every outlet wired after it, so a dead outlet in a bedroom or on the porch can be caused by a GFCI in a bathroom or the garage. Press RESET on every GFCI you can find.
Check the panel
A tripped breaker can sit in the middle position rather than fully off. ESFI says to switch it fully off and then back on. Some panels have GFCI or AFCI breakers with their own test buttons.
Signs it is not a simple fix
- The outlet or cover plate is warm or discolored.
- You hear buzzing or crackling, or smell burning.
- Lights flicker on the same circuit.
- The home has aluminum or very old wiring.
When to call a professional
- No GFCI or breaker restores power.
- Any sign of heat, burning or arcing.
- The outlet is loose in the wall or plugs fall out.
- You are not trained to work on wiring (do not open the outlet).
What it usually costs
HomeGuide (2026) lists outlet repair or replacement at about $80 to $200, GFCI replacement at about $90 to $200, and electricians at $50 to $130 per hour, often with a $100 to $200 trip fee.
Frequently asked questions
Why is my outlet not working when no breaker is tripped?
Most often a GFCI outlet elsewhere on the circuit has tripped, or the outlet is controlled by a wall switch.
Can a bad outlet cause a fire?
Loose connections can overheat. Warm, discolored or buzzing outlets should be checked by an electrician.
Related problems
Sources
- Electrical Safety Foundation International: Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters
- ESFI: Understanding your home electrical system
- U.S. CPSC: Home electrical safety checklist (PDF)
- HomeGuide: Electrical outlet repair cost (2026)
This guide is general information, not a substitute for an inspection by a licensed professional. See our disclaimer.